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УДАЛЕНИЕ ЗУБОВ

Поиск и подбор лечения в России и за рубежом

Введите заболевание, фамилию доктора, страну или название клиники

+7 (925) 551 43 10
популярная стоматологическая энциклопедия


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Удаление зубов

Ювелирная работа стоматологов и новейшие технологии творят чудеса - в настоящее время показания к удалению зубов значительно сократились.

С больным зубом лучше расстаться если:

  • кариозный процесс осложнился образованием кист, гранулем на корнях зубов
  • патологический процесс затронул нижнечелюстной или тройничный нерв
  • не удается ликвидировать воспалительный процесс в кости или надкостнице, т.е. зуб поддерживает течение остеомиелита и периодонтита
  • зуб настолько разрушен кариозным процессом, что современные методы реставрации не позволяют восстановить его
  • имеется «зуб мудрости» косо расположенный и разрушающий соседние зубы

Удаление зуба является хирургической операцией.

Как же выполняется удаление зубов?

удаление зубаЗуб прочно фиксирован связочным аппаратом в лунках альвеолярных отростков челюстей и для его удаления требуются специальный набор инструментов и определенные навыки. Конечно, удаление зуба производится при полном обезболивании.

Перед удалением зуба обязательно выполняют его рентгенографию. Это необходимо для уточнения показаний к удалению зуба, выявления особенностей строения и расположения корней удаляемого зуба. Это помогает избежать осложнений, ведь операция по удалению зуба не всегда так проста, как в знаменитом романе М.Твена. Иногда зуб имеет атипичное строение, его корни проникают глубоко в челюсть или в гайморову пазуху. Если стоматолог не будет знать об этих особенностях до операции, во время операции может возникнуть серьезное кровотечение или сформируется свищ в послеоперационном периоде. При особо редких случаях удаление зуба выполняют под общей анестезией при участии оториноларинголога.

К счастью, в большинстве случаев удаление зуба проходит без проблем.

Операция начинается с тщательного обезболивания. Затем врач отсепаровывает десну, стоматологическими щипцами разрушает связочный аппарат и … в общем-то все – зуб удален.

Если речь идет о атипично залегающем «зубе мудрости», перед основным этапом операции рассекают скрывающую зуб десну.

При некоторых заболеваниях, в основном воспалительных, с профилактической целью перед и сразу после удаления зуба назначают антибактериальные препараты и противовоспалительные препараты.

Удаление зуба – полностью безболезненная манипуляция, а вот после операции могут появиться неприятные болезненные ощущения. Это закономерно, ведь удаленный зуб выдерживал колоссальные жевательные нагрузки и был прочнейшим образом фиксирован в челюсти. Удаление зуба невозможно без повреждения окружающих тканей, что и вызывает боль. При интенсивных болях применяют анальгетики, а в большинстве случаев достаточно поласкания рта противовоспалительными растворами. 

По истечении восстановительного периода, в среднем составляющего от недели до нескольких месяцев, необходимо определить дальнейшую стоматологическую тактику. Ведь при удалении даже одного зуба, нарушается биомеханика жевания, повреждаются оставшиеся зубы.

Конечно, выбор метода протезирования определяется в каждом конкретном случае индивидуально.

Имплантация зубов является способом замещения утраченного зуба. Имплантированный зуб полностью воссоздает природную биомеханику, обладает отличными косметическими свойствами.


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